1. age = x ± y (| z)

   where:

   x: |
   y: | .
   z: |

2. (234U/238U)i (230Th/232Th)i = x ± y (| z)

   where:

   x: |
   y: | .
   z: |

3. MSWD = x, p(χ2) = y

   where:

   x: |
   y: |

4. dispersion = x ± y

   where:

   x: |
   y: | .

Ludwig, K.R., 2003. Mathematical–statistical treatment of data and errors for 230 Th/U geochronology. Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, 52(1), pp.631-656.